Flower production in Kenya has been experiencing numerous challenges posed by climate change, threatening this vital sector’s sustainability.
From rising temperatures to unpredictable rainfall and prolonged droughts, the industry faces challenges previously unimaginable. This post explores the profound impact of climate change on Kenya’s floriculture sector and highlights strategies to build resilience.
Floriculture: An Essential Sector in the Kenyan Economy
Being a leading exporter of cut flowers, the industry directly and indirectly employs tens of thousands of people, primarily women.
Flowers such as roses, carnations, and lilies have traditionally thrived in Kenya’s favourable climate. However, climate change is increasingly destabilising these once-reliable conditions, putting the sector at risk.
How Climate Change Affects Floriculture
- Erratic Weather Patterns
Unpredictable weather is one of the most immediate effects of climate change. Prolonged droughts and heavy, unseasonal rainfall disrupt flower production cycles, reducing yields and compromising quality. This instability leads to financial losses for growers and exporters alike.
- Increased Pest and Disease Pressure
Rising temperatures and higher humidity levels have created ideal conditions for pests and diseases. This has significantly increased pest control costs, reducing profit margins and placing additional pressure on flower farmers.
- Water Scarcity
The floriculture sector depends heavily on water, yet climate change has intensified water scarcity across Kenya. Increased competition for limited water resources among domestic users, agriculture, and floriculture highlights the urgent need for enhanced water management strategies.
Strategies to Mitigate Climate Change Effects
- Adoption of Climate-Resilient Practices
Farmers are embracing climate-smart techniques such as rainwater harvesting, efficient irrigation systems, and cultivating drought-resistant flower varieties. These measures improve sustainability and conserve vital resources.
- Climate-Smart Solutions to Combat Change
This is achieved by applying climate-smart seeds accredited by the Kenya Plant Health Inspectorate Service (KEPHIS). These seeds are developed to be resilient to the effects of climate change, thus improving yields and guaranteeing good flowers in adverse circumstances.
- Sustainable Practices for Implementation
Primarosa Flowers Ltd exemplifies sustainable farming practices that benefit the company and the environment. By planting trees around their farms and cultivating grass, they can control cases of soil erosion, not to mention the strength the greenhouses require to withstand strong winds.
- Technology Driving Efficiency
Primarosa Flowers Ltd is also at the forefront of utilising technology to reduce dependency on external weather conditions. Implementing drought-resistant drip irrigation systems that conserve water using solar power and rainwater harvesting minimises the company’s environmental impact. Additionally, the company composts unsellable flowers into manure, significantly reducing waste while enhancing soil fertility and productivity.
- Renewable Energy Integration
Many flower farms are turning to renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power to reduce their carbon footprint and adapt to climate-smart technologies. This shift lowers operational costs and ensures a more sustainable future for the industry.
- Policy Support and Research
Collaboration among government agencies, research institutions, and industry stakeholders is essential. Increased funding for climate adaptation research and incentives for innovative technologies will equip farmers to withstand unfavourable conditions and maintain productivity.
Final Remarks
The impact of climate change on Kenya’s floriculture sector is undeniable, threatening employment opportunities, export revenues, and agricultural productivity. However, the sector can overcome these challenges with sustainable farming practices, renewable energy adoption, and supportive policies. By embracing innovative solutions, Kenya can retain its position as a global leader in floriculture while safeguarding its economic and environmental future.
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